California's Advanced Clean Cars II Mandate Overturned: 100% EV Sales by 2035 Scrapped Amidst Congressional Review Act Debate

So, the big news out of California is that their plan to make everyone buy electric cars by 2035 is basically off the table. It turns out Congress stepped in using something called the Congressional Review Act, and poof, the Advanced Clean Cars II mandate is gone. This whole situation is a bit of a mess, pitting state goals against federal actions and causing a stir about what comes next for car sales in the Golden State.

Key Takeaways

• California's Advanced Clean Cars II rule, which aimed for 100% electric vehicle sales by 2035, has been overturned.

• The Congressional Review Act was used by Congress to block the regulation, citing concerns about national impact and consumer choice.

• This decision raises questions about the balance of power between state environmental regulations and federal oversight.

• The Inflation Reduction Act and federal EV tax credits remain in place, offering incentives for EV adoption.

• The California Air Resources Board's role in setting vehicle emission standards is now under scrutiny following this federal action.

1. Advanced Clean Cars II Regulations

So, California's Advanced Clean Cars II (ACC II) rules were a pretty big deal. The whole idea was to phase out the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, aiming for a future where all new passenger vehicles sold would be zero-emission by 2035. This wasn't just some random idea; it was a set of regulations designed to push automakers to produce more electric vehicles (EVs) and other clean alternatives. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) put these rules together, and they were pretty strict, setting targets for automakers to meet each year.

These regulations were designed to work in a couple of key ways:

• Increased EV Sales Quotas: Automakers would have to sell a growing percentage of zero-emission vehicles each year.

• Stricter Emission Standards: For the remaining gasoline cars, there would be tougher rules on emissions.

• Battery and Durability Requirements: The rules also included provisions to make sure EV batteries lasted and performed well.

The goal was to significantly cut down on vehicle pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Many other states looked to California's lead and adopted similar standards, hoping to boost EV adoption nationwide. It was a pretty ambitious plan to reshape the auto market.

This whole initiative was a major step in California's long-standing effort to combat air pollution and climate change, pushing the boundaries of what was expected from the automotive industry and consumers alike.

It's important to remember that these rules were part of a larger push for cleaner transportation, and they had a ripple effect across the country, influencing other states' environmental regulations and the direction of vehicle manufacturing.

2. Congressional Review Act

So, what's this Congressional Review Act (CRA) all about? Basically, it's a tool Congress can use to push back against rules that federal agencies have put in place. Think of it as a way for elected officials to say, 'Hold on a minute, we don't like this regulation that came out of the bureaucracy.' It gives Congress a chance to review and potentially nullify agency actions. This process allows lawmakers to overturn regulations with a simple majority vote in both the House and Senate, and then it just needs the President's signature.

Here's a quick rundown of how it generally works:

• Agency Rulemaking: A federal agency creates and finalizes a new rule.

• Congressional Notification: The agency must formally report the new rule to Congress.

• Review Period: Congress then has a set period (usually 60 legislative days) to review the rule.

• CRA Resolution: If enough members want to challenge the rule, they can introduce a joint resolution under the CRA.

• Vote and Approval: If the resolution passes both chambers of Congress and is signed by the President, the agency rule is invalidated.

This mechanism has been used by various administrations to target regulations they disagree with, and it's a significant part of the ongoing debate around California's authority to set its own environmental standards. It's a way for Congress to reassert its role in shaping policy, rather than leaving it to unelected officials. The CRA is a pretty powerful piece of legislation, and its application can really shake things up in terms of federal regulations, impacting everything from environmental rules to consumer protections. It's a key part of the political back-and-forth we're seeing on these issues.

3. Inflation Reduction Act

So, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) is a pretty big deal when it comes to clean energy stuff. It was signed into law back in August 2022 and basically poured a ton of money into climate and energy initiatives. We're talking about $370 billion, which is a mind-boggling amount.

One of the main things it did was extend and expand tax credits for clean energy. Think of it as a big incentive to get more renewable energy projects off the ground. These credits are structured in a couple of tiers: a base rate and a bonus rate. To get that bonus rate, projects have to meet certain requirements, like paying prevailing wages and using apprentices. It's all about making sure these clean energy jobs are good jobs.

There are also extra bonuses for projects located in areas that have been hit hard by the decline of coal plants or other energy-related job losses. Plus, there are incentives for using domestically produced materials and for solar and wind projects in low-income communities. It's a pretty layered approach to encourage clean energy development.

The IRA also allows non-profit organizations to get these credits directly, which is a nice change. It's designed to make it easier for a wider range of groups to participate in the clean energy transition.

This act is a pretty significant piece of legislation that aims to boost clean energy production and adoption across the country. It's definitely a key factor in the push towards greener technologies, and understanding how these tax credits work is important for anyone looking into electric vehicles or clean energy investments. You can find out if your electric vehicle qualifies for a tax credit here.

Here's a quick rundown of some key aspects:

• Extended and expanded clean energy tax credits.

• Incentives for prevailing wage and apprenticeship requirements.

• Bonus credits for projects in "energy communities" and those using domestic content.

• Direct pay options for non-profit entities.

• Grants and loans for rural utilities and low-income housing projects.

4. California Air Resources Board

The California Air Resources Board, or CARB as it's commonly known, is the main agency tasked with setting air quality standards for the Golden State. They've been at the forefront of pushing for cleaner vehicles for years, developing rules that aim to reduce pollution from cars and trucks. One of their big initiatives was the Advanced Clean Cars program, which has been around for a while, setting targets for automakers to sell more low-emission vehicles. This program has actually been adopted by quite a few other states too, showing its influence beyond California's borders.

CARB's work is pretty detailed. They look at everything from tailpipe emissions to the overall lifecycle impact of vehicles. Their regulations are designed to push the auto industry towards innovation, encouraging the development and adoption of cleaner technologies. It's a complex process, involving a lot of scientific research and policy-making to figure out what's achievable and what's needed to meet air quality goals.

Here's a look at some of their key areas:

• Setting emission standards for new vehicles.

• Developing programs to encourage the sale of zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs).

• Monitoring air quality and the effectiveness of regulations.

• Working with other states and the federal government on air quality issues.

The board's decisions have a significant ripple effect, influencing not just what cars are sold in California but also setting a precedent for other states and the auto industry as a whole. Their role in shaping the future of transportation is undeniable.

CARB has been instrumental in pushing for stricter emissions rules, and their Advanced Clean Cars II regulations were a major step in that direction, aiming for a significant shift towards electric vehicles. This agency is really the engine behind many of the clean air initiatives we see happening.

5. Zero Emission Vehicle Program

California's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Program has been a cornerstone in the state's push for cleaner air and reduced greenhouse gas emissions for decades. It's basically a set of rules that pushes car manufacturers to actually sell a certain percentage of electric and other zero-emission vehicles each year. If they don't meet these targets, they can buy credits from other automakers who have a surplus.

This program has been pretty effective, honestly. It's one of the main reasons why California has so many EVs on the road compared to other states. It's not just about setting a goal; it's about creating a market and making sure automakers are part of the solution. The program has been updated over the years, with the Advanced Clean Cars II standards being the latest iteration, aiming to ramp up the sales of these cleaner vehicles significantly.

Here's a quick look at how it generally works:

• Mandate: Automakers must sell a growing percentage of ZEVs annually.

• Credits: Companies earn credits for selling ZEVs and can trade them.

• Penalties: Failure to meet quotas can result in fines or purchasing credits.

• Adaptation: The program evolves with new technologies and environmental goals.

The ZEV Program has been instrumental in driving innovation and adoption of electric vehicles in California. It's a complex system, but at its heart, it's about accountability and progress towards a cleaner future for transportation. The state's ability to set these standards, often requiring a special waiver from the federal government, highlights its unique role in environmental policy. This has been a long-standing effort, with California regulators consistently working to improve air quality and combat climate change through vehicle standards, even when federal policy has been less ambitious. The program's success has also encouraged other states to adopt similar zero-emission vehicle program regulations.

The ZEV program isn't just a set of regulations; it's a market-shaping tool. By requiring automakers to offer and sell a certain number of zero-emission vehicles, California has effectively created demand and spurred the development of cleaner technologies. This proactive approach has positioned the state as a leader in the transition to electric mobility.

While the program has faced its share of challenges and debates, particularly concerning federal waivers and industry pushback, its impact on the EV landscape is undeniable. It's a key reason why California has been able to achieve milestones like having a significant portion of new car sales being electric, as seen in recent reports. The ongoing efforts to refine and strengthen these rules, like the push for Advanced Clean Cars II standards, show a continued commitment to phasing out gasoline-powered vehicles.

6. Drive Electric Awards

You know, it's easy to get caught up in the big policy debates and legislative battles, but sometimes it's the people on the ground doing the real work that deserve a shout-out. That's where the Drive Electric Awards come in. These awards, put on by Plug In America, are all about recognizing the everyday heroes and organizations that are pushing electric vehicles forward. Think of it as the Oscars for EV adoption.

They've been handing these out for a few years now, celebrating everyone from passionate individuals and community groups to municipalities and even high school students. It's a pretty broad spectrum, which I think is great because it shows that advancing EVs isn't just a top-down effort. It takes a lot of different people chipping away at it.

The 2025 Drive Electric Awards recognized 44 finalists across 12 different categories. It's a pretty impressive list, highlighting the diverse ways people are contributing. You've got folks working on charging infrastructure, others educating the public, and some just being super advocates in their own communities. It really paints a picture of a growing movement.

Here's a look at some of the kinds of contributions that get noticed:

• Individuals championing EVs in their workplaces or neighborhoods.

• Organizations hosting events to get people behind the wheel of an electric car.

• Municipalities implementing policies that support EV infrastructure.

• Students developing innovative projects related to electric transportation.

It's a nice reminder that progress happens on many levels, and these awards give a platform to those efforts. It’s inspiring to see the dedication out there, especially when you consider the broader context of policy changes and mandates.

These awards serve as a testament to the grassroots energy driving the electric vehicle transition. They highlight the passion and commitment of individuals and groups who are making a tangible difference in promoting cleaner transportation options, often through tireless volunteer work and community engagement.

7. EV Charging for All Coalition

You know, there's a whole bunch of groups out there working to make sure everyone can get in on the electric vehicle action. The EV Charging for All coalition is one of them. They've been pushing hard for policies that make charging accessible, especially for people who might not have a garage or a dedicated parking spot. It’s not just about having EVs on the road; it’s about making sure the infrastructure is there for everyone, no matter where they live.

Their efforts have been pretty significant in California, focusing on bills that aim to expand charging options. For instance, they've supported legislation like SB1482, which is all about making EV charging more equitable. This kind of work is super important because if charging stations aren't easy to find or use for everyone, it's going to slow down how many people can actually switch to an electric car. They’re trying to get more charging stations installed across the state, which is a big deal for folks living in apartments or multi-family homes. It's a complex issue, but these groups are really digging in.

Here’s a look at some of the key areas they focus on:

• Expanding Public Charging Access: Pushing for more charging stations in public places like workplaces, retail centers, and street parking areas.

• Addressing Multi-Unit Dwelling Needs: Developing solutions for apartment buildings and condos, where installing chargers can be more complicated.

• Ensuring Affordability: Advocating for programs and incentives that make charging affordable for all income levels.

• Promoting Grid Integration: Working to ensure that increased EV charging doesn't strain the electrical grid, looking at smart charging solutions.

The push for widespread EV adoption needs to go hand-in-hand with building out the necessary infrastructure. Without accessible and reliable charging, the transition to cleaner transportation will hit roadblocks, particularly for those in urban environments or without private parking. Groups like EV Charging for All are vital in highlighting these challenges and pushing for practical solutions that benefit everyone.

They’ve been working with lawmakers and other organizations to get these ideas into actual policy. It’s a big undertaking, but seeing progress on things like California's highway charging network shows that these efforts can pay off. It’s all part of making sure the electric vehicle future is one that includes everybody.

8. Proposition 30

Okay, so let's talk about Proposition 30. This one's a bit of a throwback, passed way back in 2012. Basically, it was a temporary hike on California's state sales tax. The whole point was to help fund specific state programs, and it was tied into the state's gas tax situation at the time. It's interesting to see how these propositions can shape state finances for years. While it's not directly related to the current Advanced Clean Cars II debate, understanding past fiscal measures like this gives us a better picture of California's approach to funding public services and initiatives. It's a good reminder that policy decisions often have ripple effects.

Proposition 30 was designed to address budget shortfalls and fund specific state services through a temporary tax increase. Its passage reflected a particular moment in California's fiscal history, aiming to balance immediate needs with longer-term financial planning.

It's worth noting that there was a push to vote YES on Prop 30, with proponents highlighting its potential to generate significant annual revenue, estimated between $3.5 billion to $5 billion. A key selling point was that the tax increase would only apply to the wealthiest Californians, those earning over $2 million annually, and was framed as a vote for cleaner air. This kind of targeted taxation is often a central theme in California's policy discussions, aiming to balance revenue generation with perceived fairness. For more on how California aims to lead on climate action, check out Governor Newsom's climate goals.

Here's a quick look at what Proposition 30 aimed to do:

• Temporarily increased the state sales tax.

• Generated funds for specific state programs.

• Was linked to the state's gas tax policies.

• Targeted a tax increase on high-income earners.

While Proposition 30 itself is a past measure, its legacy and the discussions around it offer context for understanding ongoing debates about state funding and taxation in California, including how initiatives are presented to voters. It's a good example of California's approach to funding public services.

9. SB 1482

So, there's this bill, SB 1482, that's been making its way through the legislative process. It's a bit of a complex piece of legislation, and honestly, it's not directly related to the car mandate itself, but it touches on some related areas. Think of it as a side story in the larger narrative.

This bill is primarily focused on land use and tribal matters. Specifically, it deals with taking certain lands into federal trust for the benefit of a specific Native American tribe. It's a process that involves a lot of legal and governmental steps.

Here's a quick rundown of what that generally entails:

• Land Acquisition: The tribe identifies land they wish to have placed into federal trust.

• Congressional Approval: Legislation, like SB 1482, is introduced and must pass both the House and the Senate.

• Trust Status: Once approved, the land is officially held in trust by the federal government for the tribe's benefit.

It's important to note that while this bill passed the House with a significant number of votes, it's part of a larger system of bills that get debated and voted on. The context here is that these kinds of legislative actions, even if seemingly unrelated, are all part of the broader governmental landscape that can influence or be influenced by major policy shifts. It's a reminder that policy-making is rarely a single, isolated event. The process for tribal land acquisition can be quite involved, and bills like SB 1482 are a part of that.

10. Federal EV Tax Credits

So, let's talk about those federal EV tax credits. These have been a big deal for a while now, aiming to make electric cars a bit more affordable for folks. The idea is pretty straightforward: buy an eligible electric vehicle, and you can get some money back when you file your taxes. It's not a discount at the dealership, mind you, but a credit you claim later.

Things have gotten a bit complicated, though. The rules can change, and what qualifies one year might not the next. For instance, there are rules about where the car's battery parts come from and where the vehicle itself is assembled. These details matter a lot for whether a car can get the credit.

Here's a general idea of what has been available, though specific amounts and vehicles change:

• New Electric Vehicles: Often eligible for a credit up to a certain amount, like $7,500.

• Used Electric Vehicles: Some programs have started offering credits for pre-owned EVs too, usually a smaller amount.

• EV Charging Equipment: There have also been credits for installing charging stations at home, though these have sometimes expired and been renewed.

The landscape of these credits is always shifting. What was a sure thing last year might be different now, with new legislation and changing manufacturing requirements impacting eligibility. It's always a good idea to check the latest official guidance before you buy.

It's a bit of a puzzle to keep track of, and automakers have had to adjust their production and sourcing to meet the requirements. For consumers, it means doing your homework to see which vehicles actually qualify for the credit at the time of purchase. It's a key piece of the puzzle for making EVs more accessible, but it requires staying informed.

What Happens Now?

So, the big 2035 EV sales goal for California? It's off the table for now. This whole Congressional Review Act thing really threw a wrench in the works, and it looks like those plans to ban new gas car sales are on hold. It's a bit of a setback, for sure, especially after all the work folks put into pushing for cleaner cars. We'll have to see how this plays out and what the next steps are for California and other states that were looking at similar rules. It's definitely a developing story, and we'll be keeping an eye on it.

Frequently Asked Questions

What were the Advanced Clean Cars II regulations?

The Advanced Clean Cars II rules were a set of guidelines California wanted to put in place. They aimed to make sure that by the year 2035, all new cars sold in California would be electric or run on other clean energy, not gasoline.

What is the Congressional Review Act?

The Congressional Review Act is a law that allows Congress to review new regulations made by federal agencies. If Congress doesn't like a rule, they can vote to get rid of it. This is what happened with the Advanced Clean Cars II rules.

How does the Inflation Reduction Act relate to EVs?

The Inflation Reduction Act is a big law that includes money to help people buy electric cars. It offers tax credits, which are like discounts, to make EVs more affordable for many families.

What is the California Air Resources Board (CARB)?

CARB is the state agency in California that works to improve air quality and fight climate change. They create and enforce rules about pollution from cars and other sources, including the Advanced Clean Cars II regulations.

What is the Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Program?

The ZEV Program is a plan that encourages car companies to sell more electric and other zero-emission vehicles. CARB uses this program to help meet air quality goals and push for cleaner transportation.

What are the Drive Electric Awards?

The Drive Electric Awards are given out each year to recognize people and groups who are doing great work to promote electric vehicles. It's a way to celebrate leaders in the EV movement.

What is SB 1482 and the EV Charging for All Coalition?

SB 1482 was a bill in California that aimed to make it easier for everyone to have access to EV charging. The EV Charging for All Coalition is a group of organizations that supported this bill and worked to make charging more available and fair.

What was Proposition 30 in California?

Proposition 30 was a proposed law in California that would have raised taxes slightly on the wealthiest people to fund programs for clean energy and transportation, including support for electric vehicles. Voters ultimately did not pass it.